Chronic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (CIRS) is a complex and chronic illness caused by immune dysregulation following exposure to biotoxin-producing organisms. The source could be mold, bacteria, actinomycetes, and other organisms from water-damaged buildings (WDB), tick-borne infections such as Borrelia or Babesia, dinoflagellates such as Pfiesteria or Ciguatera, blue-green algae such as cyanobacteria, and brown recluse spider bites. CIRS is a multi-system, multi-symptom illness caused by a persistent innate immune inflammatory response to toxins, antigens, and inflammagens present in the interior environment of WDBs. Additionally, an alteration in the adaptive immune response occurs along with peripheral hypoperfusion and dysregulation of certain hypothalamic-pituitary pathways. Genetically susceptible individuals have an inability to produce protective antibodies to rid the body of toxic offending substances. This genetic defect can be seen in specific HLA DR/DQ haplotypes. CIRS was first identified by Ritchie Shoemaker, M.D. His clinical research has resulted in a stepwise approach to patient care that has been demonstrated to treat and prevent symptoms in susceptible individuals.
Common Symptoms:
CIRS can manifest through a variety of symptoms affecting multiple body systems, such as:
- Neurological: Memory loss, difficulty concentrating, mood swings, anxiety. and depression
- Musculoskeletal: Muscle pain, joint pain, and stiffness
- Gastrointestinal: Abdominal pain, diarrhea, and constipation
- Respiratory: Sinus congestion, coughing, and shortness of breath
- Visual: Sensitivity to light and blurred vision.
- These symptoms often overlap with other conditions, making CIRS challenging to diagnose.
Diagnosis:
Diagnosing CIRS Involves:
- Medical History: Assessing exposure to known biotoxins.
- Symptom Evaluation: Reviewing a range of symptoms affecting multiple systems.
- Visual Contrast Sensitivity (VCS) Test: Evaluating visual processing abilities.
- Laboratory Tests: Measuring specific biomarkers and assessing genetic susceptibility, particularly HLA-DR/DO haplotypes.
Treatment:
Effective management of CIRS typically includes:
- Eliminating Exposure: Identifying and removing sources or biotoxins, such as mold remediation in living spaces.
- Detoxification: Using medications like cholestyramine or Welchol to bind and remove toxins from the body.
- Addressing Inflammation: Implementing protocols to reduce systemic inflammation and support immune system regulation.
- Environmental Modifications: Utilizing HEPA air purifiers and ensuring proper ventilation to minimize airborne toxins.
Given the complexity of CIRS, it’s crucial to consult healthcare professionals experienced in diagnosing and treating biotoxin-related illnesses. They can provide personalized care plans and guide patients through the necessary steps toward recovery.
